What defines a “conductor” in electrical terms?

In electrical terms, a "conductor" is defined as a material, typically metal, that allows the flow of electrical current. Conductors have free electrons that move easily through the material, enabling electric charge to flow with minimal resistance. Common examples of conductors include copper, aluminum, and silver, which are widely used in electrical wiring and circuitry due to their effective conductivity.

Understanding this concept is critical, as conductors are essential components in any electrical system, enabling the transmission of electricity from one point to another. In contrast, materials that do not facilitate the flow of electricity are referred to as insulators. Insulators are used to protect against unwanted electrical flow and to ensure safety and efficiency in electrical systems. Devices that convert electrical energy to mechanical energy or components that measure current are distinct from the definition of a conductor, as they serve different functions in the realm of electrical engineering.